We are greatly honored that Wendell has given us permission to use words from his book , Last Chief Standing , to tell the story of the Entiat Tribe from his tribe's perspective. This much can be said with some confidence: In 1896 or 1897 John G. Ely (1837-1915), who had come to the Entiat Valley from Iowa in 1895 to farm, bought a site from Chilcosahaskt that was located on the north bank of the Entiat River, about one-half mile west of its confluence with the Columbia. After years of exile in Oklahoma, Joseph accepted Chief Moses offer to move to the Colville Reservation. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. The history of the Entiat tribe and my great-grandfather Chilcosahaskt was little known until recently when Chelan County Public Utility District and the town of Entiat began an extensive upgrade of Entiat Park. The Wenatchee tribe (also spelled Wenatchi) lived along the Wenatchee River, which flowed from the Cascades into the Columbia. During the salmon runs, they fished the outlet where the lake meets the river and also moved down to the Wenatshapam Fishery on the Columbia River to fish and trade with other tribes. The name comes from the Entiat tribe. We proposed to him a new exhibit about the Entiat Tribe. Prepared by the Colville Confederated Tribes History/Archaeology Program Not For Distribution - Educational Purposes Only. A Guide to the Indian Tribes of the Pacific Northwest: Book on the history of the Northwest Coast tribes, including a section on the Chelan. His great-grandfather, Chilcosahaskt, was Chief of the Entiat tribe, his grandfather, Lahompt, started the first family cattle ranch and his dad, Moses, was elected to the first Tribal Council. The Chelan speak English. The Entiat people are a Native American tribe who exclusively used and occupied an area extending from the Columbia River to the Cascade Mountains along the drainage system of the Entiat River. Scheuerman, Richard D., John Clement, and Clifford E. Trafzer. Identification. They and Wendall have ensured that the history and philosophies of the Entiat Tribe will not be forgotten. It is difficult to pin down precisely when the first town of Entiat was established, in part because there is no evidence that any formal plat was recorded. The racial makeup of the city was 81.5% White, 0.4% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 13.8% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. By this time Chilcosahaskt had come to accept their presence, and one history notes that he was "naturally of a good disposition, although the same cannot be said of his wife" (Hull, 445). The watery highway of Lake Chelan provided a relatively easy transportation route from the Columbia River deep into the Cascades. ethnic group group=Entiat poptime= popplace=flagcountry|United States (Washington) rels= langs=English, Salishan related=Colville, Nespelem, Sanpoil, Sinixt, Palus, Wenatchi, Chelan, Methow, southern Okanagan, Sinkiuse Columbia, and the Nez Perce It has been renovated many times through the years, but has always been at the present site; even when steamboats ran the rapids and Chief Chilkosahaskt of the Entiat Tribe lived at the mouth of the Entiat River. The Cannons' daughter, Dema, was the first white child born in the Entiat Valley. The Entiat school opened in 1916 in its current location. They traveled over this large area in an annual circuit to gather food. A large number of place names, including many of the mountains, were given by Albert H. Sylvester. This Washington-related article is a stub. 32-22; "Surveying New Line," The Seattle Times, February 2, 1900, p. 7; "Road to Oroville Is Located," Ibid., July 23, 1906, p. 5; "New Corporations," Ibid., August 11, 1906, p. 3; "Steamer Pringle Sinks in the Entiat River," October 10, 1906, p. 17; "Major H. M. Chittenden, U.S.A., to Start Work of Blowing Out Rocks in Rapids of Entiat and Methow," Ibid., September 24, 1907, p. 9; "New Power Plant Soon Will Light Wenatchee," Ibid., November 14, 1909, p. 21; "Indians Are Declared Owners of Entiat Town," Ibid., November 6, 1914, p. 21; "Trains up Columbia in Three Weeks," The Leavenworth Echo, June 27, 1913, p. 1; Entiat Delta Orchards Co. v. Unknown Heirs of Saska, 99 Wash. 84, 168 P. 1130 (1917); Phyllis Griffith, email to John Caldbick, May 19, 2020, in possession of John Caldbick, Langley, Washington; Excerpt, Wendell George email to Entiat Community Historial Society, copy in possession of Esther Dalgas, Entiat; "Lahempt,"U.S.Indian Census Rolls, 1904, p. 617.Note: This article and its sources were emended and supplemented on February 13, 2023. It then passed through other hands until, in January 1909, it was purchased by the Entiat Townsite Company. website accessed June 5, 2020 (https://douglaspud.org/pages/the-orondo-community.aspx); Leo Harker, "Columbia River Bridge," GNGoat website accessed June 8, 2020 (http://www.gngoat.org/columbia_river.htm); Rod Molzahn, "'On the Drift' -- Looking for a Home," The Good Life magazine, Vol. In 1888, just one year after the Detwilers arrived in Entiat, steam-powered sternwheelers began regular runs up the Columbia River, from Wenatchee all the way to Brewster, approximately 60 river miles to the northeast. 116 years to be exact. They founded the Entiat Townsite Company and, under the name Entiat Delta Orchards Corporation, platted the land into town lots and five- and 10-acre parcels, setting aside 21 acres for the Great Northern to build a depot and side tracks, and for warehouse sites. The Confederated Tribes have over 9,000 descendants from 12 aboriginal tribes. 2019, Courtesy Chelan Douglas Regional Port Authority, Map, ancestral lands, constituent tribes of Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Courtesy Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Photo by B. C. Collier, Courtesy UW Special Collections (NA644), Portrait, Entiat Chief Chilcosahaskt (right), half-brother N'k'whilekin (Wapato John), late 1890s, Lewis Detwiler, first non-Native settler, Entiat Valley, ca. The Lakes territory centered around the upper Columbia River, possibly reaching as far north as the Big Bend of the Columbia, north of Revelstoke, British Columbia. Ledger artists, inspired by centuries-old line drawings and pictographs, work with introduced paper materials such as ledgers or journal books. The Syilx People of the Okanagan Nation are a trans-boundary tribe separated at the 49th parallel by the border between Canada and the United States. More white settlers moved to the area, infringing on the Wenatchi's claim to the land, and the Great Northern Railway was approved to build a route through the reserved land. E.P. Long Jims father was Innomeseecha, who was also a leader of the Chelan. The challenges faced by early settlers struggling to create communities in the wilderness is usually fodder for the most compelling stories about the history of small towns, and Entiat is no different. The resulting wars between the 1840s to the 1870s were the final push to tame the West. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.7% of the population. For some reason, area 17 is missing or merged to other areas. The name derives from the traditional Wenatchi name Tsi-Laan meaning "deep water". It is the only island that can produce the following resources: Sun Tiles using Sun Tree. E.P. As a result, many businesses either did not reopen or moved to other communities, and those that did reopen clustered in two separate business areas -- this in a town of only 357 people (1960). The opinion in Entiat Delta Orchards Co. v. Unknown Heirs of Saska, rendered by the Washington State Supreme Court in November 1917, traces the convoluted history of disputes over the ownership of Entiat's land. Wapato Heritage: The History of the Chelan and Entiat Indians: Good book about Entiat and Chelan history. This collection contains one black and white photograph of Elizabeth Silico Friedlander (Sxum-talkts) of the Entiat Indian tribe. Erwin, who was aligned with the settlers and railroad company, intervened in the process. Aerial view, Entiat, Columbia River at top, Entiat River lower right, En-ti-atqua (Entiat) River confluence (bottom left) with Columbia River, 1882, Entiat Valley, Lewis Detwiler at cabin, ca. Even so, at least four large sternwheelers and their cargos were lost, but with only a single loss of life. He was never allowed to move back to his homeland. Entiat was officially incorporated on April 25, 1944. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.27. In 1877, the first white settler arrived in the Entiat Valley, Lewis Detwiler. In addition to the Chelan, the tribes are known, in English, as the Colville, the Nespelem, the Sanpoil, the Sinixt (Arrow Lakes people), the Palus, the Wenatchi, the Entiat, the Methow, the Southern Okanagan (Sinkaietk), the Sinkiuse-Columbia (Moses-Columbia), the Nez Perce of Chief Joseph's band, and the Wapato's. Under that grant, the federal government would hold title to the land "in trust" for 25 years, meaning that the chief would not be free to sell it without permission until 1921. It is part of the WenatcheeEast Wenatchee Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 1906 the Entiat Telephone and Telegraph Company was incorporated by Frank E. Knapp and two partners, and by 1908 its lines ran 15 miles up the Entiat Valley. Some private homes were moved to higher ground behind the second Entiat, or north to the new townsite, and the remaining buildings in the old town were razed or burned. This has led to an opportunity to record history for posterity. The first priority of the Great Northern's president, James J. Hill (1838-1916), was to push his line over the Cascade Mountains to Seattle and become the nation's first transcontinental railroad to be built without government subsidies. Some trappers and explorers ventured through in the first half of the nineteenth century, and in the 1860s and 1870s Chinese miners were working placer operations on the region's rivers. The Ittiwan people, also spelled Etiwan, [1] were a Native American tribe, who lived near present-day Goose Creek. Co, 1961), 128; Edmond S. Meany, Origins of Washington Geographic Names (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1923) 80; "Indian Tribes," Northwest Power and Conservation Council Columbia River History website accessed May 20, 2020 (https://www.nwcouncil.org/reports/columbia-river-history/indiantribes); William Bright, Native American Place Names of the United States (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004) 145; "First Town," City of Entiat website accessed June 10, 2020 (https://www.entiatwa.us/your_community/history/first_town.php); "Second Town," City of Entiat website accessed June 10, 2020 (https://www.entiatwa.us/your_community/history/second_town.php); "Third Town," City of Entiat website accessed June 10, 2020 (https://www.entiatwa.us/your_community/history/third_town.php); "Lake Entiat, Washington, USA," LakeLubbers website accessed June 26, 2020 (https://www.lakelubbers.com/lake-entiat-886/); Justin M. Erickson, "Historical Changes in Riparian Vegetation and Channel Morphology Along the Lower Entiat River Valley" (master's thesis, Central Washington University, June 2004); "Historical Overview," Entiat Water Resource Inventory Area (WRIA) 46 Management Plan (October 2004), 3-1; "Entiat Valley History," Ibid., Table 3.1; R. Lee Lyman, "Cultural Resource Overview: Chelan, Okanogan, & Douglas Counties," The Washington Archaeologist Archive website accessed May 20, 2020 (http://www.chaz.org/Arch/WASHINGTON_ARCHAEOLOGIST/WAS_Occasional_Paper_6.pdf); "Entiat Tributary Assessment Chelan County, Washington," (Denver: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center, January 2009); "Population of Cities, Towns, and Counties," Washington State office of Financial Management website accessed May 15, 2020 (https://www.ofm.wa.gov/sites/default/files/public/dataresearch/pop/april1/ofm_april1_population_final.xlsx); Luke Ellington, "The Orondo Community," Douglas County P.U.D. The homeland of the Chelan centered around the shoreline of Lake Chelan and down the Chelan River to the Columbia River. We have. Kinkanaqua was the last Salmon Chief of Kettle Falls. The tribe also roamed widely through central and north-central Washington, from Kettle Falls in the north to the Yakima River in the south to the slopes of the Cascade Mountains in the west. The Entiat Indian tribe joined the Confederate Tribes of the Coville Reservation in 1855 when the C.T.C.R said that the native americans should own the land without making any payments. #101, 3535 Old Okanagan HwyWestbank, BC V4T 3L7, T: 250.707.0095 | F: 250.707.0166Toll Free: 1.866.662.9609, Syilx Child and Family Declaration Information Sheet, axa i sccuntt i tl xaxitt xl i nqsiltt Family Declaration, Columbia River Salmon Reintroduction Initiative, The Syilx Indian Residential School Experience, Indian Residential Schools Impacts & Syilx Resilience, snklip cxuysts i qaqxlx How Coyote Brought the Salmon, ksxntk (Okanagan Lake) Responsibility Planning Initiative. The Wenatchi tribe was far more isolated prior to the arrival of the horse, but afterward they adopted many of the traditions and style of dress of the Plains Indians and were closely allied with the Spokane tribes by the time white settlers arrived. The Entiat indians tribe is a Native American tribe. Last year, we invited Wendell George to join us at the Entiat Museum. 2 (February 2020), pp. Sometimes they were referred to as Summerville Indians. She uses pictorial art to tell stories, and her drawings as a plateau style ledger artist are richly influenced by a combination of her tribal history and traditions. Entiat officially incorporated as a fourth-class municipality (town) on April 17, 1944. It was titled "Millside Addition," leaving unanswered the question of what earlier plat, if any, it was an addition to. The Keystone Fruit Company opened for business in the valley in 1910. 37 views 0 comments. WikiMatrix. Sometimes, they would camp at a marshy lake where the tribe gathered duck eggs, later to be called Moses Lake. After the arrival of the horse, Plateau tribes faced more competition from the Plains Indians and Indians from the Great Basin. Others soon followed. He lives in Omak, Washington with his wife, Barbara. The country along the west bank of the Columbia River from Lake Chelan south to the Wenatchee River was difficult to reach, hemmed in by mountains on the north, south, and west, and with access from the east hampered by the hazards of the Columbia River. Entiat was now free to grow, and it would, if slowly. Lucy Friedlander Covington (1910-1982) was born in Nespelem on the Colville Indian Reservation and was a lifelong advocate for Colville tribal rights and land, becoming well-known and nationally respected for her fight against the federal policy of termination. As a leader of his people, he spoke out against the broken promises of reduced electricity rates and job opportunities for Tribal members, which the U.S. Government had made to previous tribal leaders prior to the construction of the dam. The Methow originally lived in and around the Methow River Valley. As one history, published in 1929, notes, "Orondo was the gateway to the Entiat Valley, and in many respects both places are so inseparably linked that they may be regarded as one community" (Hull, 408). The Entiat are members of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, a federally recognized tribe. John Detwiler and his family left the area within a year, but Lewis Detwiler farmed his homestead for about a decade. Repository Eastern Washington University Archives & Special Collections Eastern Washington University Libraries 320 Media Lane - 100 LIB Cheney, WA 99004-2453 Telephone: 5093592475 archives@ewu.edu Access Restrictions In 1920, the tradition of Numeral Mountain began as High School seniors painted their graduation class number on the Mountainside across the Entiat River from the school. We proposed to him a new exhibit about the Entiat Tribe. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. The Wenatchi people or npqwxi / Npqwsx ("People in the between") are Native Americans who originally lived near the confluence of the Columbia and Wenatchee Rivers in Central Washington state. Subsequently, most modern day Wenatchis are found living on the Colville Indian Reservation, with a small number living on the Yakama Reservation. Raven Speaks: A collection of articles about the culture and history of the Colville Confederated . They were frequently on the move, traveling in and out of the mountains with the seasons, collecting plants, fishing small streams, and hunting game. In the earliest days it was often Silhohsaskt, fully versed in the hazards of the Columbia River, who ferried people across in his dugout canoe. Murphy began publishing the Entiat Times in 1913, and railroad service began in Entiat in 1914. The Entiat Improvement Company was the major commercial center at that time. He had planted peach trees near his claim, the first documented cultivation of tree fruit in the valley. [1], The Wenatchi tribe was far more isolated prior to the arrival of the horse, but afterward they adopted many of the traditions and style of dress of the Plains Indians and were closely allied with the Spokane tribes by the time white settlers arrived. Work on the Rocky Reach Dam started in 1956, but was not scheduled to end until 1962, when the reservoir would be filled. As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 1,112 people, 421 households, and 305 families residing in the city. More areas in different updates. "We are from the Entiat tribe, which is one of the 12 tribes making up the Colville Confederated Tribes. Their traditional enemies were Shoshone, Kwalhioqua (also known as Willapa who lived in the hills north of the lower Columbia River), the Blackfoot Confederacy, and Nez Perce at times, at others they were allies. Like many other West Coast Indian tribes, the Entiat people were relocated to the Colville Reservation in Washington during the 1800's, where they merged with other native peoples and their languages rapidly vanished. Entiat River"). The Chelan County Superior Court (with a King County judge presiding) agreed, and awarded a portion of the land to the chief's heirs, causing much consternation to the non-Natives in the area. 25.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.1% were from 25 to 44; 29.7% were from 45 to 64; and 14.4% were 65 years of age or older. 2022 by Entiat Historical Society. The population density was 700.6 people per square mile (269.7/km2). Cannon explained the requirements of treaty agreements to Chilcosahaskt and the need to abide by them. Cables were anchored along the river bank and used to winch the steamboats upstream to stiller waters. Delta Orchards appealed, and on November 22, 1917, the state supreme court overturned the lower-court decision and quieted title in the town's developers. The Entiat lived in the Entiat River Valley. ), a bachelor, and his brother John, who was married and had one child. Today 12 tribes, including the Wenatchi, Chelan, and Entiat, comprise the Federated Tribes of the Colville Reservation. In that same year a wagon road was completed between Wenatchee and Twisp, passing through Entiat and easing its isolation. As of the census of 2000, there were 957 people, 342 households, and 244 families residing in the city. In 1915 a second fire threatened the "first" town of Entiat and only six businesses survived. Ten years earlier, and perhaps unbeknownst to its citizens, a section of the Columbia River known as Rocky Reach, about nine miles south of the mouth of the Entiat River, had been identified by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a potential site for a dam that could supply both electrical power and irrigation. The content is copyrighted to The Meaning and may not be reproduced on other websites. The sternwheelers from Wenatchee were a boon to freight traffic, but it was to Orondo, and to Waterville about eight miles farther east, that Entiat's early settlers went for supplies, mail, schooling, and socializing. Entiat Tribe Exhibit coming to the Museum on Opening Day, Saturday, May 27, 2023 Updated: Mar 1 Last year, we invited Wendell George to join us at the Entiat Museum. In addition to the Entiat, the tribes are known in English as the Colville, the Nespelem, the Sanpoil, the Lake (Sinixt), the Palus, the Wenatchi, the Chelan, the Methow, the southern Okanagan, the Sinkiuse-Columbia, and the Nez Perce of Chief Joseph's Band. By June 1893 he had succeeded, but it would be two decades before rails would reach the Columbia River towns north of Wenatchee. Non-Native settlers had difficulty pronouncing many Indian names and called him Silico Saska. 1887, Courtesy Entiat Community Historical Society, J. C. Ely's hotel and store, first town of Entiat, ca. [8], According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.74 square miles (7.10km2), of which, 2.11 square miles (5.46km2) is land and 0.63 square miles (1.63km2) is water.[9]. 1910, Photo by T. Gagnon, Courtesy Wenatchee Valley Museum and Cultural Center (86-24-90), Great Northern Railway locomotive, Entiat depot, 1914, Photo by Asahel Curtis, Courtesy Washington State Historical Society (1943.42.30026), Sawmill on Entiat River at Mill's Canyon, May 11, 1914, Photo by Asahel Curtis, Courtesy Washington State Historical Society (1943.42.30019), The Seattle Times, November 6, 1914, p. 21, Ferry serving Entiat and Orondo on Columbia River, ca. Wendell is an author of several books about his people. [6], The name "Entiat" refers to the indigenous Entiat people, whose name comes from the Moses-Columbian Salishan word /nt'ytk/, [nt'itk], "place of grassy water", from /na-/, "place", /st'ya/, "tall grass, hay", and /-atk/, "water".[7]. Today the Syilx Okanagan People continue to assert their jurisdiction and responsibility over the stewarding of their land, resources and quality of life of their citizens. The town is situated between the eastern foothills of the Cascade Mountain range, Lake Entiat and the Entiat River. The presentation will include rarely seen tribal photographs and George's unique perspective as the grandson of chiefs who became the first of his family to graduate from college. Wendell George, a member of the Colville Confederated Tribes of Washington, talks about a new park in honor of the Entiat Tribe and Chief Chilcosahaskt: The history of the Entiat tribe and my great-grandfather Chilcosahaskt was little known until recently when Chelan County Public Utility District and the town of Entiat began an extensive upgrade of Entiat Park. The southern limit of the Lakes land is found near Northport, though many also fished at Kettle Falls. The loss was total, but partially insured, and the sawmill was back in business the following year. Last year, we invited Wendell George to join us at the Entiat Museum. The twelve bands are the Methow, Okanogan, Arrow Lakes, Sanpoil, Colville, Nespelem, Chelan, Entiat, Moses-Columbia, Wenatchi, Nez Perce, and Palus. with Wendell George. The Land of the Entiat The Entiat River begins just below Mount Fernow's Entiat Glacier and flows approximately 50 miles to its confluence with the Columbia River. The harassment carried over into the early summer of 1888, when Thomas J. Cannon (1856-1925), an ordained minister, arrived with his wife, Sarah (1834-1936). It was also in 1899, on March 13, that Chelan County was created by the state legislature from parts of Okanogan County to the north and Kittitas County to the south. The Wenatchis (or "P'squosa") were not given reservation land by the federal governmentthough they had actually signed a treaty, it was never recognized, and fell by the wayside as new settlers moved into their territory. Trivia. In one large sweep of change, the economic basis, the identity of a community, and the sense of belonging were gone" (Griffith, 91). We are from the Entiat tribe which is one of the twelve tribes making up the Colville Confederated Tribes. Whether you're just driving by and need a break or if in the area and looking for a place to hang out, Entiat City Park is nice place to do either. The ranch was a large hay and cattle ranch. [1] The Chelan Native Americans are thought to have splintered off from the Wenatchi tribe. One cannot doubt that along this line will grow the differ-entiation among the anarcho-syndicalists. By the 1860s, smallpox epidemics had virtually ended tribal warfare, due to the drastic decrease in population. Originally part of Okanogan County, in 1899 the region was included in the newly created Chelan County. [2], Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Chelan legends - "Creation of the first Indians", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chelan_people&oldid=1151450686, This page was last edited on 24 April 2023, at 04:06. The population was 1,326 at the 2020 census. Chief Moses served his people as a warrior during his younger years, but later tried to protect his people through diplomacy as the leader of the Moses-Columbia. But Chilcosahaskt was not yet accepting of interlopers, and he next turned his sights on James C. Bonar (1829-1892), who arrived shortly after the Detwilers in 1887 and settled about a mile up the river. The new Entiat Park re-opened for camping on Friday, May 22, 2015 after being closed for over a year. Wendell George is a member of the Colville Confederated Tribes and is now retired after many careers such as helping land a man on the moon as an engineer for Boeing, tribal planner, elected tribal Councilman, tribal corporation CEO, author, owner and operator of a 100-acre apple orchard and a 150-head . So anywhere around there you would probably see them. John Harmelt refused to sell the Wenatchi rights to a reservation and remained in the Wenatchee area until his death. John Detwiler claimed a homestead near the mouth of the Entiat River; Lewis settled about three miles upriver in the lower Entiat Valley. It is located on the Colville Indian Reservation in eastern Washington state. Chief Joseph led his band of Nez Perce who refused to leave the Wallowa Valley until a war erupted between his people and the U.S. Ar- my. Janie Hollingsworth, an early settler born in 1911, remembers fondly growing up with the daughter of the Wenatchi Chief in the Nahahum Canyon area, riding horses together happily until the government decided to round up all the Indians and put them in existing reservations. This made it clear that if any riverside towns were to be served by the railroad, they would be on its west bank. In 1886, a year before the arrival of the first non-Native settlers, he hired William Sanders (1861-1908) and Henry Domke, who earlier that year had become the first white settlers on Lake Chelan, to build it for him. Somehow violence was avoided. The Entiat are members of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, a federally recognized tribe. See Entiat hotels on a map Choose one of the following to unlock Secret Prices and pay less on selected hotels. By 2020 Entiat's population had grown to 1,290, more than three times the 1960 figure, and the town could declare, "The identity of the community and a sense of belonging has returned to Entiat and will continue to thrive due to the heart and stamina of its residents" ("Third Town").
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